Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 is a factor produced by macrophages that causes local inflammatory responses, and induces superoxide production by neutrophils. Two peptides are responsible for this activity. They have been termed MIP-1-alpha, and MIP-1-beta. The two MIP proteins are the major factors produced by macrophages following their stimulation with bacterial endotoxins. Both proteins are involved in the cell activation of human granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and appear to be involved in acute neutrophilic inflammation. Both forms of MIP-1 stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species in neutrophils and the release of lysosomal enzymes. They also induce the synthesis of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF in fibroblasts and macrophages. MIP-1-alpha is a potent agonist of basophils, inducing a rapid change of cytosolic free calcium (see also: Calcium ionophore), the release of histamine and sulfido- leukotrienes, and chemotaxis. Murine MIP-1- alpha is the primary stimulator of TNF secretion by macrophages, whereas MIP-1-beta antagonizes the inductive effects of MIP-1- alpha. In human monocytes the production of MIP-1-beta can be induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and IL-7. The biological activities of MIP-1-alpha and MIP-1-beta are mediated by receptors that bind both factors CCR5. A second species of receptors for these two factors also appears to bind MCAF.

Cell Biologics细胞生物制剂公司总部位于美国芝加哥，是全球独家提供Jackson Lab基因敲除小鼠原代细胞的专业公司，产品已获美国农业部SPF认证，并经中国进出口商品检验检疫局检验准许进口 自 成立以来，Cell Biologics已开发出13个品系1,000多种可直接使用的JacksonLab基因敲除小鼠、正常野生型小鼠、大鼠原代细胞，必将填补细胞生物学 界研究的空白。另外，Cell Biologics拥有AAALAC认证的动物实验室，提供JacksonLab与国外其他著名实验室所有允许商用的基因敲除小鼠原代细胞分离服务